Project Description:

IoT Smart Irrigation with Weather Forecasting is a web-based system integrated with IoT sensors that automates the watering of crops or gardens based on real-time soil moisture data, environmental conditions, and upcoming weather forecasts. The main goal is to reduce water usage, optimize crop growth, and prevent overwatering by using smart decision-making powered by sensors and weather APIs.

This system is especially useful for farmers, gardeners, and agricultural researchers aiming to adopt precision agriculture methods.

Key Features:

Real-Time Soil Monitoring via IoT:

• IoT sensors (moisture, temperature, humidity) collect data from the soil.

• Sends data to a cloud-connected web dashboard.

Weather Forecast Integration:

• Uses Weather API (like OpenWeatherMap) to get upcoming weather data.

• System decides not to irrigate if rain is forecasted within the next few hours.

Automated Water Control:

• Based on moisture level and temperature thresholds, the system:

  • Turns ON irrigation system if soil is dry and no rain is expected.

  • Turns OFF irrigation system if soil is moist or rain is forecasted.

• Relay module controls water pumps or solenoid valves.

Web Dashboard:

• View live data from all connected sensors.

• Display irrigation status, forecast, sensor graphs.

• Manual override to start/stop irrigation remotely.

AI/ML Integration (optional):

• Predict future watering needs based on historical data and weather patterns.

Web Application Technology:

Frontend:

• HTML, CSS, Bootstrap – clean UI for data display

• JavaScript – interactive graphs and controls (Chart.js or D3.js)

• AJAX – to fetch real-time sensor data from the backend

Backend (Choose One):

• Node.js / PHP / Java (Spring Boot) – for data processing, logic, and storage

• Integration with OpenWeatherMap API or similar

• Sensor data received via HTTP/MQTT from IoT device

Database:

• MySQL or MongoDB – stores:

  • Sensor data logs

  • Weather data

  • User settings

  • Irrigation activity logs

IoT Components:

• Soil Moisture Sensor – detects soil dryness

• DHT11/DHT22 Sensor – measures temperature & humidity

• NodeMCU / ESP8266 / Arduino – to read sensors and send data

• Relay Module – to control the water pump

• Water Pump / Solenoid Valve – for irrigation