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Scalable GraphQL API on AWS AppSync

Why Choose This Project?

GraphQL offers flexible, efficient querying compared to REST. AWS AppSync enables the building of scalable, real-time, and serverless GraphQL APIs with minimal infrastructure management. This project is ideal for developers looking to create responsive and scalable APIs using modern serverless architecture.

You’ll learn how to design a powerful backend that supports real-time data, offline access, and high availability, all with managed AWS services.

What You Get

Fully managed GraphQL backend using AWS AppSync
Real-time subscriptions (WebSocket-based)
Integration with DynamoDB, Lambda, or RDS as data sources
Scalable, pay-as-you-go serverless backend
Fine-grained access control with AWS IAM & Cognito
Offline-first support for mobile/web apps

Key Features

Feature	Description
GraphQL API	Query, Mutation, and Subscription support
Real-Time Data	Subscriptions over WebSockets for instant updates
Multiple Data Sources	Support for DynamoDB, Aurora, Lambda, HTTP
Serverless Architecture	Fully managed backend, no server provisioning
Built-in Caching	Response-level caching to boost performance
Fine-Grained Authorization	Integrate with IAM, Cognito, API key, or OIDC
Offline Support	Sync with AWS Amplify for offline-first apps
Autoscaling	AppSync scales automatically with demand
Monitoring	Integrated with CloudWatch for logs and metrics

Technology Stack

Layer	Technology Used
API Layer	AWS AppSync (GraphQL)
Backend Logic	AWS Lambda or direct DB integration
Data Layer	Amazon DynamoDB / Aurora / HTTP APIs
Authentication	AWS Cognito or IAM
Caching	AppSync integrated caching
Monitoring	Amazon CloudWatch
CI/CD (Optional)	AWS CodePipeline, GitHub Actions

Cloud Services Used

Service	Purpose
AWS AppSync	Host and manage the GraphQL API
Amazon DynamoDB	NoSQL data source for fast and scalable reads/writes
AWS Lambda	Custom business logic
Amazon Cognito	Authentication and user management
Amazon Aurora	Optional for relational data source
AWS IAM	Access control
Amazon CloudWatch	Logging and monitoring
AWS Amplify	(Optional) Frontend and offline support

Working Flow

Client Sends GraphQL Request
→ To AppSync endpoint for Query/Mutation/Subscription
AppSync Resolves Request
→ Based on resolvers mapped to:
- DynamoDB (e.g., getUser, listPosts)
- Lambda (e.g., createInvoice)
- HTTP or Aurora (SQL)
AppSync Sends Real-Time Updates
→ If subscription is active (e.g., onNewMessage), users receive updates instantly
Authentication & Authorization
→ Managed via Cognito or IAM to restrict access
Monitoring & Logs
→ All interactions logged to CloudWatch

Main Modules

Module	Description
Schema Definition	GraphQL schema defining types, queries, mutations, and subscriptions
Data Source Resolver	Connect schema operations to DynamoDB, Lambda, or Aurora
Security Configuration	IAM roles and Cognito-based access setup
Subscriptions	Define GraphQL subscriptions for real-time updates
Monitoring	CloudWatch logs and AppSync metrics
Frontend (Optional)	Web or mobile client using Amplify or Apollo

Security Features

IAM-Based Access: For backend services and internal APIs
Cognito Authentication: For user login and identity management
Field-Level Authorization: Restrict access to specific fields or operations
API Key Expiry: (For dev) with expiration management
Audit Logs: API access logged in CloudWatch

Visualization Options

AWS AppSync Console: Interactive GraphQL Explorer
CloudWatch Dashboards: Track API usage and errors
Amplify Dev Tools (optional): Visual schema builder and data access
Data Visualizations: Use frontend libraries (React + Apollo + D3.js) to show real-time data